php虚方法怎么实现
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PHP5中虚函数的实现方法分享
学过C++的人都应该知道C++中有个虚函数的概念。而在php5中如何实现这个虚函数呢?
请看下面的代码:
代码如下:
<?php class A { public function x() { echo "A::x() was called.\n"; } public function y() { self::x(); echo "A::y() was called.\n"; } public function z() { $this->x(); echo "A::z() was called.\n"; } } class B extends A { public function x() { echo "B::x() was called.\n"; } } $b = new B(); $b->y(); echo "--\n"; $b->z(); ?>
该例中,A::y()调用了A::x(),而B::x()覆盖了A::x(),那么当调用B::y()时,B::y()应该调用A::x()还是 B::x()呢?在C++中,如果A::x()未被定义为虚函数,那么B::y()(也就是A::y())将调用A::x(),而如果A::x()使用 virtual关键字定义成虚函数,那么B::y()将调用B::x()。
然而,在PHP5中,虚函数的功能是由 self 和 $this 关键字实现的。如果父类中A::y()中使用 self::x() 的方式调用了 A::x(),那么在子类中不论A::x()是否被覆盖,A::y()调用的都是A::x();而如果父类中A::y()使用 $this->x() 的方式调用了 A::x(),那么如果在子类中A::x()被B::x()覆盖,A::y()将会调用B::x()。
上例的运行结果如下:
A::x() was called. A::y() was called. -- B::x() was called. A::z() was called. virtual-function.php
代码如下:
<?php class ParentClass { static public function say( $str ) { static::do_print( $str ); } static public function do_print( $str ) { echo "<p>Parent says $str</p>"; } } class ChildClass extends ParentClass { static public function do_print( $str ) { echo "<p>Child says $str</p>"; } } class AnotherChildClass extends ParentClass { static public function do_print( $str ) { echo "<p>AnotherChild says $str</p>"; } } echo phpversion(); $a=new ChildClass(); $a->say( 'Hello' ); $b=new AnotherChildClass(); $b->say( 'Hello' );
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